L:\XML\CPRT-114-HPRT-RU00-HR2262.XML XML mchinn 5/14/2015 10:19 mchinn 05/14/2015 09:39 L:\vr\051415\R051415.002.xml 05/14/2015 10:21:18 mchinn x:\xx\xxxxxx\xxxxxx.xxx.xml xx/xx/xxxx xx:xx:xx xx mchinn [Discussion Draft] [Discussion Draft] May 14, 2015 114th CONGRESS 1st Session Rules Committee Print 114-17 Text of H.R. 2262, SPACE Act of 2015 [Showing the texts of H.R. 2262, H.R. 1508, H.R. 2261, and H.R. 2263 as ordered reported by the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology.]
1.
Short title; table of contents
(a)
Short title
This Act may be cited as the Spurring Private Aerospace Competitiveness and Entrepreneurship Act of 2015 or the SPACE Act of 2015. (b)
Table of contents
The table of contents for this Act is as follows: Sec. 1. Short title; table of contents. Title I—Commercial Space Launch Sec. 101. Consensus standards. Sec. 102. International launch competitiveness. Sec. 103. Launch license flexibility. Sec. 104. Government astronauts. Sec. 105. Indemnification for space flight participants. Sec. 106. Federal jurisdiction. Sec. 107. Cross-waivers. Sec. 108. Orbital traffic management. Sec. 109. State commercial launch facilities. Sec. 110. Space support vehicles study. Sec. 111. Streamline commercial space launch activities. Sec. 112. Space Launch System update. Title II—Space Resource Exploration and Utilization Sec. 201. Short title. Sec. 202. Title 51 amendment. Title III—Commercial Remote Sensing Sec. 301. Annual reporting. Sec. 302. Statutory update report. Title IV—Office of Space Commerce Sec. 401. Renaming of Office of Space Commercialization. Sec. 402. Functions of the Office of Space Commerce.
<enum>I</enum> <header>Commercial Space Launch</header> <section id="H85DAD36477734EB18C530D81C3AD8AC9" section-type="subsequent-section"> <enum>101.</enum> <header>Consensus standards</header> <text display-inline="no-display-inline">Section 50905(c) of title 51, United States Code, is amended—</text> <paragraph id="H44C3C650212541789ED44F7C6E3805F7"> <enum>(1)</enum> <text>by striking paragraph (3);</text> </paragraph> <paragraph id="HD712732DA2464009A58C88B979325EDA"> <enum>(2)</enum> <text>by redesignating paragraph (4) as paragraph (8); and</text> </paragraph> <paragraph id="H06CC137CE11F4564AB138C58CB5F2A0D"> <enum>(3)</enum> <text>by inserting after paragraph (2) the following: </text> <quoted-block style="USC" id="HE63524E859F54FD3856BF621AE36689D" display-inline="no-display-inline"> <paragraph id="H2A8D0FA499FA49EB82B038DFF0FF7A32"> <enum>(3)</enum> <header>Interim Industry Voluntary Consensus Standards Report</header> <text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The Secretary, in consultation with the Commercial Space Transportation Advisory Committee, or its successor organization, shall provide a report to the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation of the Senate on the progress of the commercial space transportation industry in developing voluntary consensus standards or any other construction that promotes best practices to improve the industry. Such report shall include, at a minimum—</text> <subparagraph id="HEA237D1F66344DCC9C4CC879D1A39428"> <enum>(A)</enum> <text>any voluntary industry consensus standards or any other construction that have been accepted by the industry at large;</text> </subparagraph> <subparagraph id="H744BEECE68884135A393A8A67B0C165E"> <enum>(B)</enum> <text>the identification of areas that have the potential to become voluntary industry consensus standards or another potential construction that are currently under consideration by the industry at large;</text> </subparagraph> <subparagraph id="H7FEAEDD034DA4A11AA2DDB84E24D2122"> <enum>(C)</enum> <text>an assessment from the Secretary on the general progress of the industry in adopting voluntary consensus standards or any other construction;</text> </subparagraph> <subparagraph id="H7C58BDEDA38E47A4846C1EFD4A7E267C"> <enum>(D)</enum> <text>lessons learned about voluntary industry consensus standards or any other construction, best practices, and commercial space launch operations;</text> </subparagraph> <subparagraph id="H7C0B82573B8E444EBB95704C795A5BA6"> <enum>(E)</enum> <text>any lessons learned associated with the development, potential application, and acceptance of voluntary industry consensus standards or any other construction, best practices, and commercial space launch operations; and</text> </subparagraph> <subparagraph id="H0A945656377C4A69A37B7F3ADD1C062D"> <enum>(F)</enum> <text>recommendations, findings, or observations from the Commercial Space Transportation Advisory Committee, or its successor organization, on the progress of the industry in developing industry consensus standards or any other construction.</text> </subparagraph> <continuation-text continuation-text-level="paragraph">This report, with the appropriate updates in the intervening periods, shall be transmitted to such committees no later than December 31, 2016, December 31, 2018, December 31, 2020, and December 31, 2022. Each report shall describe and assess the progress achieved as of 6 months prior to the specified transmittal date.</continuation-text> </paragraph> <paragraph id="HE910E540B0FB47B19A02353BC4D756D6"> <enum>(4)</enum> <header>Interim Report on Knowledge and Operational Experience</header> <text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The Secretary shall provide a report to the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation of the of the Senate on the status of the knowledge and operational experience acquired by the industry while providing flight services for compensation or hire to support the development of a safety framework. Interim reports shall by transmitted to such committees no later than December 31, 2018, December 31, 2020, and December 31, 2022. Each report shall describe and assess the progress achieved as of 6 months prior to the specified transmittal date.</text> </paragraph> <paragraph id="H9A5D9A64171348AD905197D8094CD2E1"> <enum>(5)</enum> <header>Independent Review</header> <text display-inline="yes-display-inline">No later than December 31, 2023, an independent, private systems engineering and technical assistance organization or standards development organization contracted by the Secretary shall provide to the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation of the Senate an assessment of the readiness of the commercial space industry and the Federal Government to transition to a safety framework that may include regulations. As part of the review, the contracted organization shall evaluate—</text> <subparagraph id="HAE4562B051054EDC914675D4F808A983"> <enum>(A)</enum> <text>the progress of the commercial space industry in adopting industry voluntary standards or any other construction as reported by the Secretary in the interim assessments included in reports provided under paragraph (4); and</text> </subparagraph> <subparagraph id="H4DAF57941C2248EA9EDE7B54497BA10A"> <enum>(B)</enum> <text display-inline="yes-display-inline">the knowledge and operational experience obtained by the commercial space industry while providing services for compensation or hire as reported by the Secretary in the interim knowledge and operational reports provided under paragraph (4).</text> </subparagraph> </paragraph> <paragraph id="H52302A2BECB54DE9B9AB8C90CA965F8F"> <enum>(6)</enum> <header>Learning Period</header> <text>Beginning on December 31, 2025, the Secretary may propose regulations under this subsection without regard to paragraph (2)(C) and (D). The development of any such regulations shall take into consideration the evolving standards of the commercial space flight industry as identified through the reports published under paragraphs (3) and (4).</text> </paragraph> <paragraph id="H60F488FF249A425289F763062A31BC2A"> <enum>(7)</enum> <header>Communication and Transparency</header> <text>Nothing in this subsection shall be construed to limit the authority of the Secretary of Transportation to discuss potential approaches, potential performance standards, or any other topic related to this subsection with the commercial space industry including observations, findings, and recommendations from the Commercial Space Transportation Advisory Committee, or its successor organization, prior to the issuance of a notice of proposed rulemaking. Such discussions shall not be construed to permit the Secretary to promulgate industry regulations except as otherwise provided in this section.</text> </paragraph> <after-quoted-block>.</after-quoted-block> </quoted-block> </paragraph> </section> <section id="H88653BA140FE4D1F8805A641C1F062D2"> <enum>102.</enum> <header>International launch competitiveness</header> <subsection id="H252E2721AA334C399753580499962A7E"> <enum>(a)</enum> <header>Purpose</header> <text>The purpose of this section is to provide for updating the methodology used to calculate the maximum probable loss from claims under section 50914 of title 51, United States Code, with a validated risk profile approach to provide reasonable maximum probable loss values associated with potential third party losses from commercially licensed launches. An appropriately updated methodology will help ensure that the Federal Government is not exposed to greater financial risks than intended and that launch companies are not required to purchase more insurance coverage than necessary.</text> </subsection> <subsection id="H5FF54D2639FF43639803250D1A6DBD36"> <enum>(b)</enum> <header>Maximum probable loss plan</header> <text>Not later than 180 days after the date of enactment of this Act, the Secretary of Transportation shall provide to the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation of the Senate a plan to update the methodology used to calculate maximum probable loss from claims under section 50914 of title 51, United States Code, through the use of a validated risk profile approach. Such plan shall include, at a minimum—</text> <paragraph id="H7548EF2A049A413AA914D3304768275F"> <enum>(1)</enum> <text>an evaluation of the reasonableness of the current single casualty estimate and, if needed, the steps the Secretary will take to update such estimate;</text> </paragraph> <paragraph id="H76F2B87915D24BF69877C1049E422AAE"> <enum>(2)</enum> <text display-inline="yes-display-inline">an evaluation, in consultation with the Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration and the heads of other relevant executive agencies, of the reasonableness of the dollar value of the insurance requirement required by the Secretary for launch providers to cover damage to Government property resulting from a commercially licensed space launch activity, and recommendations as to a reasonable calculation if, as determined by the Secretary, the current statutory threshold is insufficient;</text> </paragraph> <paragraph id="H72A86918DFB94F4F9D1CE4A1D37DB749"> <enum>(3)</enum> <text display-inline="yes-display-inline">a schedule of when updates to the methodology and calculations for the totality of the Maximum Probable Loss will be implemented, and a detailed explanation of any changes to the current calculation; and</text> </paragraph> <paragraph id="H2FB1F79589554EF58A47B0903128F189"> <enum>(4)</enum> <text>consideration of the impact of the cost of its implementation on the licensing process, both in terms of the cost to industry of collecting and providing the requisite data and cost to the Government of analyzing the data.</text> </paragraph> </subsection> <subsection id="HE77CA7FF790B43FF9964B64B5696256F"> <enum>(c)</enum> <header>Independent assessment</header> <text>Not later than 270 days after transmittal of the plan under subsection (b), the Comptroller General shall provide to the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation of the Senate an assessment of—</text> <paragraph id="H1937132C61A345DA8812F9C542AAE0AF"> <enum>(1)</enum> <text>the conclusions and analysis provided by the Secretary of Transportation in the plan required under subsection (b);</text> </paragraph> <paragraph id="HCD3342BC78704A9F898BE4EFF3928C4A"> <enum>(2)</enum> <text>the implementation schedule proposed by the Secretary in such plan;</text> </paragraph> <paragraph id="H132D666CEC1D4191B1B04712A3E54682"> <enum>(3)</enum> <text>the suitability of the plan for implementation; and</text> </paragraph> <paragraph id="HA90A028FF5844FB0902E990865ED16A4"> <enum>(4)</enum> <text>any further actions needed to implement the plan or otherwise accomplish the purpose of this section.</text> </paragraph> </subsection> <subsection id="H5E8B959A7E724A88BA29ED6373D0D0EF"> <enum>(d)</enum> <header>Launch liability extension</header> <text>Section 50915(f) of title 51, United States Code, is amended by striking <quote>December 31, 2016</quote> and inserting <quote>December 31, 2025</quote>.</text> </subsection> </section> <section id="HC6DA9549498C4F699D9D84236CC95F1F"> <enum>103.</enum> <header>Launch license flexibility</header> <text display-inline="no-display-inline">Section 50906 of title 51, United States Code, is amended—</text> <paragraph id="HC6E8C307189F41658BD284ACB4448648"> <enum>(1)</enum> <text>in subsection (d), by striking <quote>launched or reentered</quote> and inserting <quote>launched or reentered under that permit</quote>;</text> </paragraph> <paragraph id="H65822B81A4CC42D39CFCBBB5D4F276C0"> <enum>(2)</enum> <text>by amending subsection (d)(1) to read as follows:</text> <quoted-block id="HB5CBDF99E04745C189E58017980A4044" style="OLC"> <paragraph id="HC002DA1B9D48422B9B62F8861FC88726"> <enum>(1)</enum> <text>research and development to test design concepts, equipment, or operating techniques;</text> </paragraph> <after-quoted-block>;</after-quoted-block> </quoted-block> </paragraph> <paragraph id="H2817C277B99C43969A399D4CBDB5FD63"> <enum>(3)</enum> <text>in subsection (d)(3), by striking <quote>prior to obtaining a license</quote>;</text> </paragraph> <paragraph id="H0F7A51FCFB6443C091C2758D1F9BA2CD"> <enum>(4)</enum> <text>in subsection (e)(1), by striking <quote>suborbital rocket design</quote> and inserting <quote>suborbital rocket or rocket design</quote>; and</text> </paragraph> <paragraph id="H8B8DE658B35F43A7B4D36A5361737789"> <enum>(5)</enum> <text>by amending subsection (g) to read as follows:</text> <quoted-block id="HAC978C4D6F7049F785C60E9353998064" style="OLC"> <subsection id="H8712CB263BBD492C8AB35DA1B642E1AC"> <enum>(g)</enum> <text>The Secretary may issue a permit under this section notwithstanding any license issued under this chapter. The issuance of a license under this chapter shall not invalidate a permit under this section.</text> </subsection> <after-quoted-block>.</after-quoted-block> </quoted-block> </paragraph> </section> <section id="H3FC32AF5AAB2457D82FDB040DE3A17EA"> <enum>104.</enum> <header>Government astronauts</header> <subsection id="H86AFDC442D634420B5015F2B8C32D07A"> <enum>(a)</enum> <header>Definitions</header> <text>Section 50902 of title 51, United States Code, is amended—</text> <paragraph id="HD260270307674440929C853FF0976C04" commented="no"> <enum>(1)</enum> <text>by redesignating paragraphs (4) through (22) as paragraphs (5) through (23), respectively;</text> </paragraph> <paragraph id="H8B0C0E0B137A4926AB2EF667EBCC796D"> <enum>(2)</enum> <text>by inserting after paragraph (3) the following new paragraph: </text> <quoted-block style="OLC" id="HF7E78EF2302F4E5A93F49795B6BAD25E" display-inline="no-display-inline"> <paragraph id="H316D985511884776BC12B3451E5ACD07"> <enum>(4)</enum> <text display-inline="yes-display-inline"> <quote>government astronaut</quote> means an individual designated as such by the Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, pursuant requirements established by the Administrator, who—</text> <subparagraph id="H2E2F783CEA6D4F4FB33A6AFA7C3AC6A1"> <enum>(A)</enum> <text>is an employee of—</text> <clause id="H5F26E90572134EC28763161C44AEF5F0"> <enum>(i)</enum> <text>the United States Government, including the United States Armed Forces; or</text> </clause> <clause id="HC7B6A93F757F43378978B869D84EB8FA"> <enum>(ii)</enum> <text>a foreign government that is a party to the Intergovernmental Agreement Among the Government of Canada, Governments of Member States of the European Space Agency, the Government of Japan, the Government of the Russian Federation, and the Government of the United States of America Concerning Cooperation on the Civil International Space Station, signed on January 29, 1998; and</text> </clause> </subparagraph> <subparagraph id="HADC8FC9CC75D4020A9BBF5D0E4761747"> <enum>(B)</enum> <text display-inline="yes-display-inline">is carried within a launch vehicle or reentry vehicle in the course of his or her employment, which may include performance of activities directly relating to the launch, reentry, or other operation of the launch vehicle or reentry vehicle.</text> </subparagraph> </paragraph> <after-quoted-block>;</after-quoted-block> </quoted-block> </paragraph> <paragraph id="H1EB5D10A1BE641CCB3E6458C4F9852E0"> <enum>(3)</enum> <text>in paragraph (5), as so redesignated by paragraph (1) of this subsection, by inserting <quote>government astronaut,</quote> after <quote>crew,</quote>;</text> </paragraph> <paragraph id="H988223040F4D4784818D8401B74205CD"> <enum>(4)</enum> <text display-inline="yes-display-inline">in paragraph (7)(A), as so redesignated by paragraph (1) of this subsection, by inserting <quote>government astronaut,</quote> after <quote>(including crew training),</quote>;</text> </paragraph> <paragraph id="H8DC1FCA7626047A788A3CD07B935EC42"> <enum>(5)</enum> <text display-inline="yes-display-inline">in paragraph (14), as so redesignated by paragraph (1) of this subsection, by inserting <quote>government astronauts,</quote> after <quote>crew,</quote>;</text> </paragraph> <paragraph id="H697ED4047F974BF1BD8092F7A7E485DB"> <enum>(6)</enum> <text display-inline="yes-display-inline">in paragraph (15)(A), as so redesignated by paragraph (1) of this subsection, by inserting <quote>government astronaut,</quote> after <quote>(including crew training),</quote>;</text> </paragraph> <paragraph id="H81DC2D5545CB4F909C1336B97D52E851"> <enum>(7)</enum> <text display-inline="yes-display-inline">by amending paragraph (18), as so redesignated by paragraph (1) of this subsection, to read as follows:</text> <quoted-block id="HAFE32A6D595F464B9F4A3D1DAC43B617" style="OLC"> <paragraph id="H88CEF7E9D8034692BA58319C52AE5EA7"> <enum>(18)</enum> <text> <quote>space flight participant</quote> means an individual, who is not crew or a government astronaut, carried within a launch vehicle or reentry vehicle.</text> </paragraph> <after-quoted-block>; and</after-quoted-block> </quoted-block> </paragraph> <paragraph id="H51D8E1222845474283E13EA9815C8319"> <enum>(8)</enum> <text display-inline="yes-display-inline">in paragraph (22)(E), as so redesignated by paragraph (1) of this subsection, by inserting <quote>, government astronauts,</quote> after <quote>crew</quote>.</text> </paragraph> </subsection> <subsection id="H777960C9FC4C44CA820F8166A4F52E44"> <enum>(b)</enum> <header>Restrictions on launches, operations, and reentries; single license or permit</header> <text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Section 50904(d) of title 51, United States Code, is amended by inserting <quote>, government astronauts,</quote> after <quote>crew</quote>.</text> </subsection> <subsection id="H86CCAE38A38341E3AE5739978AD740DE"> <enum>(c)</enum> <header>License applications and requirements; applications</header> <text>Section 50905 of title 51, United States Code, is amended—</text> <paragraph id="H7C59CF693CFE4608B4FFFB3614516E3B"> <enum>(1)</enum> <text>in subsection (a)(2), by striking <quote>crews and space flight participants</quote> and inserting <quote>crew, government astronauts, and space flight participants</quote>;</text> </paragraph> <paragraph id="H0CCCEC9CC3A94740A5B74C1DF0DE6F83"> <enum>(2)</enum> <text display-inline="yes-display-inline">in subsection (b)(2)(D), by inserting <quote>, government astronauts,</quote> after <quote>crew</quote>; and</text> </paragraph> <paragraph id="HB9446A1083E64C8198A9B9C810CD0B0B"> <enum>(3)</enum> <text>in subsection (c)—</text> <subparagraph id="H7BAE255339AA404383198F427604B272"> <enum>(A)</enum> <text display-inline="yes-display-inline">in paragraph (1), by inserting <quote>, government astronauts,</quote> after <quote>crew</quote>; and</text> </subparagraph> <subparagraph id="H329EE137CF134E19B5F7E7528E82397C"> <enum>(B)</enum> <text>in paragraph (2), by striking <quote>to crew or space flight participants</quote> each place it appears and inserting <quote>to crew, government astronauts, or space flight participants</quote>.</text> </subparagraph> </paragraph> </subsection> <subsection id="H8F3C575E56264EE6B153E87818EE4319"> <enum>(d)</enum> <header>Monitoring activities</header> <text>Section 50907(a) of title 51, United States Code, is amended by striking <quote>crew or space flight participant training</quote> and inserting <quote>crew, government astronaut, or space flight participant training</quote>.</text> </subsection> <subsection id="HFFE0113DD47640099F2D86F93A43A070"> <enum>(e)</enum> <header>Additional suspensions</header> <text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Section 50908(d)(1) of title 51, United States Code, is amended by striking <quote>to crew or space flight participants</quote> each place it appears and inserting <quote>to crew, government astronauts, or space flight participants</quote>.</text> </subsection> </section> <section id="H228D82CDA2E04D0093C3A1592EAD3AB2"> <enum>105.</enum> <header>Indemnification for space flight participants</header> <text display-inline="no-display-inline">Chapter 509 of title 51, United States Code, is amended—</text> <paragraph id="H6366EB6DFCCA4545864EE9E9AC26B682"> <enum>(1)</enum> <text display-inline="yes-display-inline">in section 50914(a)(4), by adding at the end the following:</text> <quoted-block style="OLC" id="H6EC3426466174776BD4E17625D076D4D" display-inline="no-display-inline"> <subparagraph id="H1B08E664065D45BE8668E006922E5996"> <enum>(E)</enum> <text display-inline="yes-display-inline">space flight participants.</text> </subparagraph> <after-quoted-block>; and</after-quoted-block> </quoted-block> </paragraph> <paragraph id="H8EE3EAFB705941C686BAC6CCEA716503"> <enum>(2)</enum> <text>in section 50915(a)(1)—</text> <subparagraph id="HE76E5803D1D743A79985F8B74BBD0835"> <enum>(A)</enum> <text>by striking <quote>or a contractor</quote> and inserting <quote>a contractor</quote>; and </text> </subparagraph> <subparagraph id="HCEF1753A68AC4FAD803E59E3758CB469"> <enum>(B)</enum> <text>by striking <quote>but not against</quote> and inserting <quote>or</quote>.</text> </subparagraph> </paragraph> </section> <section id="H5147C9564D5148FCA009B88A321673AE"> <enum>106.</enum> <header>Federal jurisdiction</header> <text display-inline="no-display-inline">Section 50914 of title 51, United States Code, is amended by adding at the end the following:</text> <quoted-block id="H8731CF662FE441539307D50BCCFF9BE2" style="OLC"> <subsection id="HA308ACE585604DDB83674DBB8E549185"> <enum>(g)</enum> <header>Federal jurisdiction</header> <text>Any action or tort arising from a licensed launch or reentry shall be the sole jurisdiction of the Federal courts and shall be decided under Federal law.</text> </subsection> <after-quoted-block>.</after-quoted-block> </quoted-block> </section> <section id="H66DED4490EA240ECA6FD557BE5C70B69"> <enum>107.</enum> <header>Cross-waivers</header> <text display-inline="no-display-inline">Section 50914(b)(1) of title 51, United States Code, is amended to read as follows: <quote>(1) A launch or reentry license issued or transferred under this chapter shall contain a provision requiring the licensee or transferee to make a reciprocal waiver of claims with its contractors, subcontractors, and customers, the contractors and subcontractors of the customers, and any space flight participants, involved in launch services or reentry services or participating in a flight under which each party to the waiver agrees to be responsible for property damage or loss it or they sustain, or for personal injury to, death of, or property damage or loss sustained by its own employees resulting from an activity carried out under the applicable license.</quote>.</text> </section> <section id="H1EC224214B0F4088831FAFCAFE6E19A5"> <enum>108.</enum> <header>Orbital traffic management</header> <subsection id="H50D16B8424EF4B469685F76DB2D86087"> <enum>(a)</enum> <header>Sense of Congress</header> <text>It is the sense of the Congress that, as none currently exists, there may be a need for a framework that addresses space traffic management of United States Government assets and United States private sector assets to minimize the proliferation of debris and decrease the congestion of the orbital environment.</text> </subsection> <subsection id="HEEEB1CE715304C5BAD9129FBA74DFFAA"> <enum>(b)</enum> <header>Study Required</header> <text>Not later than 90 days after the date of enactment of this Act, the Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration shall enter into an arrangement with an independent, private systems engineering and technical assistance organization to study frameworks for the management of space traffic and orbital activities. The study shall include the following:</text> <paragraph id="H3EAFE06A0B564B3883F4357A34BCE041"> <enum>(1)</enum> <text>An assessment of current regulations, Government best practices, and industry standards that apply to space traffic management and orbital debris mitigation.</text> </paragraph> <paragraph id="HE905B2747278413EAEBD16FE3812E605"> <enum>(2)</enum> <text>An assessment of current statutory authority granted to the Federal Communications Commission, the Federal Aviation Administration, and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration and how those agencies utilize and coordinate those authorities.</text> </paragraph> <paragraph id="H361CC836F7A44471AEBC537909E6D386"> <enum>(3)</enum> <text>A review of all space traffic management and orbital debris requirements under treaties and other international agreements to which the United States is a signatory, and other nonbinding international arrangements in which the United States participates, and the manner in which the Federal Government complies with those requirements.</text> </paragraph> <paragraph id="H1CB7627439ED4223A9E702B0570E7A73"> <enum>(4)</enum> <text>An assessment of existing Federal Government assets used to conduct space traffic management and space situational awareness.</text> </paragraph> <paragraph id="H6AC6C58102CF4286A95DEA4ACD89E8C9"> <enum>(5)</enum> <text>An assessment of the risk associated with smallsats as well as any necessary Government coordination for their launch and utilization.</text> </paragraph> <paragraph id="H393594F38AC94012BF48DF927FA0DD1B"> <enum>(6)</enum> <text>An assessment of existing private sector information sharing activities associated with space situational awareness and space traffic management.</text> </paragraph> <paragraph id="H9663CA7AF124407787F7595194B59380"> <enum>(7)</enum> <text>Recommendations related to the framework for the protection of the health, safety, and welfare of the public and economic vitality of the space industry.</text> </paragraph> </subsection> <subsection id="HCAF61D555B1B405683A3B2FCE81CFFDF"> <enum>(c)</enum> <header>Report to Congress</header> <text>Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment of this Act, the Administrator shall provide to the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation of the Senate the report required in subsection (b).</text> </subsection> <subsection id="H3482EAF8FDA245CDB33A9E1CE67E8C05"> <enum>(d)</enum> <header>Department of Defense authorities</header> <text>Congress recognizes the vital and unique role played by the Department of Defense in protecting national security assets in space. Nothing in this section shall be construed to amend authorities granted to the Department of Defense to safeguard the national security.</text> </subsection> </section> <section id="H932473D3AD2A4ADD9EA6A976FFA5B218"> <enum>109.</enum> <header>State commercial launch facilities</header> <text display-inline="no-display-inline">It is the Sense of Congress that State involvement, development, ownership, and operation of launch facilities can help enable growth of the Nation’s commercial suborbital and orbital space endeavors and support both commercial and Government space programs. It is further the sense of Congress that State launch facilities and the people and property within the affected launch areas of those State facilities are subject to risks if the commercial launch vehicle fails or experiences an anomaly. To ensure the success of the commercial launch industry and the safety of the people and property in the affected launch areas, it is the further sense of Congress that States and State launch facilities should seek to take proper measures to secure their investments and the safety of third parties from potential damages that could be suffered from commercial launch activities.</text> </section> <section id="H4332B185C0D441ADA06F74942CF7A290"> <enum>110.</enum> <header>Space support vehicles study</header> <text display-inline="no-display-inline">Not less than 1 year after the date of enactment of this Act, the Comptroller General shall submit to the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation of the Senate, a report on the use of space support vehicle services in the commercial space industry. This report shall include—</text> <paragraph id="H9777E1F19EF8490A89DBDDAC4B5910FD"> <enum>(1)</enum> <text display-inline="yes-display-inline">the extent to which launch providers rely on such services as part of their business models;</text> </paragraph> <paragraph id="HFD53895D65694442B519DD5B7DA0D367"> <enum>(2)</enum> <text display-inline="yes-display-inline">the statutory, regulatory, and market barriers to the use of such services; and</text> </paragraph> <paragraph id="H0EE8292852274A1FA8BC32898A0257F6"> <enum>(3)</enum> <text display-inline="yes-display-inline">recommendations for legislative or regulatory action that may be needed to ensure reduced barriers to the use of such services if such use is a requirement of the industry.</text> </paragraph> </section> <section id="H32334B46DFC64335BD5045B8AECBC86D"> <enum>111.</enum> <header>Streamline commercial space launch activities</header> <subsection id="HFBA9B4AEF623474CAFDD3D78140552F3"> <enum>(a)</enum> <header>Sense of congress</header> <text>It is the sense of Congress that eliminating duplicative requirements and approvals for commercial launch and reentry operations will promote and encourage the development of the commercial space sector.</text> </subsection> <subsection id="H2C6B9E80DC0E4FCE95470388B1FE10E3"> <enum>(b)</enum> <header>Reaffirmation of policy</header> <text>Congress reaffirms that the Secretary of Transportation, in overseeing and coordinating commercial launch and reentry operations, should—</text> <paragraph id="H29777F8312D247B79CB5A8963854D9B5"> <enum>(1)</enum> <text>promote commercial space launches and reentries by the private sector;</text> </paragraph> <paragraph id="H1A91F0F44E494DE8A7209F2A8C40275D"> <enum>(2)</enum> <text>facilitate Government, State, and private sector involvement in enhancing U.S. launch sites and facilities;</text> </paragraph> <paragraph id="H1406BB3F145A4BAA8A637CB99D88E4A3"> <enum>(3)</enum> <text>protect public health and safety, safety of property, national security interests, and foreign policy interests of the United States; and</text> </paragraph> <paragraph id="H1E6826ABA2AA499FBB3AF99F2A0B02A7"> <enum>(4)</enum> <text display-inline="yes-display-inline">consult with the head of another executive agency, including the Secretary of Defense or the Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, as necessary to provide consistent application of licensing requirements under chapter 509 of title 51, United States Code.</text> </paragraph> </subsection> <subsection id="HE8D42CE630AB4B4792F7267587DD9EA2"> <enum>(c)</enum> <header>Requirements</header> <paragraph id="H31F5F7BCE8784636AD974E0FF06B1B67"> <enum>(1)</enum> <header>In general</header> <text>The Secretary of Transportation under section 50918 of title 51, United States Code, and subject to section 50905(b)(2)(C) of that title, shall consult with the Secretary of Defense, the Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, and the heads of other executive agencies, as appropriate—</text> <subparagraph id="H1E8DBF5D3DB849D5BADCD02C155697D2"> <enum>(A)</enum> <text>to identify all requirements that are imposed to protect the public health and safety, safety of property, national security interests, and foreign policy interests of the United States relevant to any commercial launch of a launch vehicle or commercial reentry of a reentry vehicle; and</text> </subparagraph> <subparagraph id="HEBE2BFAD971A4F318EE867BADFDFFBCA"> <enum>(B)</enum> <text>to evaluate the requirements identified in subparagraph (A) and, in coordination with the licensee or transferee and the heads of the relevant executive agencies—</text> <clause id="HAD2B6E51085A49938DCCA245A73C1548"> <enum>(i)</enum> <text display-inline="yes-display-inline">determine whether the satisfaction of a requirement of one agency could result in the satisfaction of a requirement of another agency; and</text> </clause> <clause id="HF2FDFB7F225F48AE992B2312ED1876C2"> <enum>(ii)</enum> <text>resolve any inconsistencies and remove any outmoded or duplicative requirements or approvals of the Federal Government relevant to any commercial launch of a launch vehicle or commercial reentry of a reentry vehicle.</text> </clause> </subparagraph> </paragraph> <paragraph id="H56962F72CEB84EE38C982B261615E1AF"> <enum>(2)</enum> <header>Reports</header> <text>Not later than 180 days after the date of enactment of this Act, and annually thereafter until the Secretary of Transportation determines no outmoded or duplicative requirements or approvals of the Federal Government exist, the Secretary of Transportation, in consultation with the Secretary of Defense, the Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, the commercial space sector, and the heads of other executive agencies, as appropriate, shall submit to the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation of the Senate, the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology of the House of Representatives, and the congressional defense committees a report that includes the following:</text> <subparagraph id="HE180D2A4E4114A54ACB95D03484BFE05"> <enum>(A)</enum> <text display-inline="yes-display-inline">A description of the process for the application for and approval of a permit or license under chapter 509 of title 51, United States Code, for the commercial launch of a launch vehicle or commercial reentry of a reentry vehicle, including the identification of—</text> <clause id="HB872F5DC1D4143C7BBDF3B8F5831F1AE"> <enum>(i)</enum> <text>any unique requirements for operating on a United States Government launch site, reentry site, or launch property; and</text> </clause> <clause id="H16C46EADFD254E599F4B577A3D0D3BAE"> <enum>(ii)</enum> <text>any inconsistent, outmoded, or duplicative requirements or approvals.</text> </clause> </subparagraph> <subparagraph id="H38AD2DCEAC594F4196F1723D19A47FB0"> <enum>(B)</enum> <text>A description of current efforts, if any, to coordinate and work across executive agencies to define interagency processes and procedures for sharing information, avoiding duplication of effort, and resolving common agency requirements.</text> </subparagraph> <subparagraph id="H68129C9A424748B3BBAA4F3B519B3EC0"> <enum>(C)</enum> <text>Recommendations for legislation that may further—</text> <clause id="H79881E33A2B64FA2BAF83D6D7514F3BC"> <enum>(i)</enum> <text>streamline requirements in order to improve efficiency, reduce unnecessary costs, resolve inconsistencies, remove duplication, and minimize unwarranted constraints; and</text> </clause> <clause id="H4C286E56C19E42B0BAA8BB7FAE556942"> <enum>(ii)</enum> <text>consolidate or modify requirements across affected agencies into a single application set that satisfies the requirements identified in paragraph (1)(A).</text> </clause> </subparagraph> </paragraph> <paragraph id="HCD89045C6A4646D3879423A53CA95112"> <enum>(3)</enum> <header>Definitions</header> <text>For purposes of this subsection—</text> <subparagraph id="HC378F3A56C304258AB49C4906EDF4582"> <enum>(A)</enum> <text>any applicable definitions set forth in section 50902 of title 51, United States Code, shall apply;</text> </subparagraph> <subparagraph id="HC7961EBEC14E43F2B9FBBB62F971613B"> <enum>(B)</enum> <text>the terms <quote>launch</quote>, <quote>reenter</quote>, and <quote>reentry</quote> include landing of a launch vehicle or reentry vehicle; and</text> </subparagraph> <subparagraph id="H71AD251412064B3D8879D0369B41BCB8"> <enum>(C)</enum> <text>the terms <quote>United States Government launch site</quote> and <quote>United States Government reentry site</quote> include any necessary facility, at that location, that is commercially operated on United States Government property.</text> </subparagraph> </paragraph> </subsection> </section> <section id="HDD3BBF092E39410E942BDE0C43DD55D0"> <enum>112.</enum> <header>Space Launch System update</header> <subsection id="H460AE4A04476427D90D6ABFFA28631FD"> <enum>(a)</enum> <header>Chapter 701</header> <paragraph id="HF2558C0905F6465BB548C6C42DD1BEC7"> <enum>(1)</enum> <header>Amendment</header> <text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The chapter heading of chapter 701 of title 51, United States Code, is amended by striking <quote><header-in-text level="chapter" style="USC">Space Shuttle</header-in-text></quote> and inserting <quote><header-in-text level="chapter" style="USC">Space Launch System</header-in-text></quote>.</text> </paragraph> <paragraph id="H29106CA9A08C42128CF68241A6F7E712"> <enum>(2)</enum> <header>Conforming amendment</header> <text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The item relating to chapter 701 of title 51, United States Code, is amended by striking <quote>Space Shuttle</quote> and inserting <quote>Space Launch System</quote>.</text> </paragraph> </subsection> <subsection id="H0B4EAE75430440EBA37824D7167F3282"> <enum>(b)</enum> <header>Section 70101</header> <paragraph id="HD6F926C9B9814E1396C8CC9180B6B9D6"> <enum>(1)</enum> <header>Amendments</header> <text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Section 70101 of title 51, United States Code, is amended—</text> <subparagraph id="HE2E81763BED4474491DE80950E38BBBB"> <enum>(A)</enum> <text>in the section heading, by striking <quote><header-in-text level="section" style="USC">space shuttle</header-in-text></quote> and inserting <quote><header-in-text level="section" style="USC">Space Launch System</header-in-text></quote>; and</text> </subparagraph> <subparagraph id="H128D0990746742B1B25E1856869DD68A"> <enum>(B)</enum> <text>by striking <quote>space shuttle</quote> and inserting <quote>Space Launch System</quote>.</text> </subparagraph> </paragraph> <paragraph id="HF97104C2AA404B64BCBED70748E7BBFB"> <enum>(2)</enum> <header>Conforming amendment</header> <text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The item relating section 70101 in the table of sections for chapter 701 of title 51, United States Code is amended by striking <quote>space shuttle</quote> and inserting <quote>Space Launch System</quote>.</text> </paragraph> </subsection> <subsection id="HCB0D84275DCD4958AB6B13FB9999B99E"> <enum>(c)</enum> <header>Section 70102</header> <paragraph id="H9378E699B6ED49C181DA1C664E79C438"> <enum>(1)</enum> <header>Amendments</header> <text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Section 70102 of title 51, United States Code, is amended—</text> <subparagraph id="HBE817269D7AF4326BBA49EDEFFF74CA2"> <enum>(A)</enum> <text>in the section heading, by striking <quote><header-in-text level="section" style="USC">Space shuttle</header-in-text></quote> and inserting <quote><header-in-text level="section" style="USC">Space Launch System</header-in-text></quote>;</text> </subparagraph> <subparagraph id="H2D5D8BC9B0EE4F1E81F0DF369A4C4F22"> <enum>(B)</enum> <text display-inline="yes-display-inline">in subsection (a)(1)(A), by striking <quote>space shuttle</quote> both places it appears and inserting <quote>Space Launch System</quote>;</text> </subparagraph> <subparagraph id="H5B33162AC8924821901BDCCD3F2A1C7C"> <enum>(C)</enum> <text>in subsection (a)(1)(A)(i), by inserting <quote>directly to cis-lunar space and the regions of space beyond low-Earth orbit</quote> after <quote>human presence</quote>;</text> </subparagraph> <subparagraph id="H2CEA2287606D4DCB9B11F83C1AF38D05"> <enum>(D)</enum> <text display-inline="yes-display-inline">in subsection (a)(1)(B), by striking <quote>a shuttle launch</quote> and inserting <quote>a launch of the Space Launch System</quote>;</text> </subparagraph> <subparagraph id="H1C11D0E7D964495992B4D1C8E0C5BAE8"> <enum>(E)</enum> <text display-inline="yes-display-inline">in subsection (a)(2), by striking <quote>a space shuttle mission</quote> and inserting <quote>a mission of the Space Launch System</quote>;</text> </subparagraph> <subparagraph id="H52669E62C1EC465E8C586DF66AF07C78"> <enum>(F)</enum> <text>in subsection (b)—</text> <clause id="HF379D0A8F95F40689FB72B1410D86F5E"> <enum>(i)</enum> <text>by striking <quote>space shuttle</quote> each place it appears and inserting <quote>Space Launch System</quote>; and</text> </clause> <clause id="HF17A9FC432F946708AD65E3BEA383CCD"> <enum>(ii)</enum> <text>by striking <quote>from the shuttle</quote> and inserting <quote>from the Space Launch System</quote>; </text> </clause> </subparagraph> <subparagraph id="HD1D67310FAD24538A3F199D977602C44"> <enum>(G)</enum> <text>in subsection (c), by striking <quote>space shuttle</quote> and inserting <quote>Space Launch System</quote>; and </text> </subparagraph> <subparagraph id="HBC738E3D874A45AC8B828006644EF640"> <enum>(H)</enum> <text>by adding at the end the following new subsection:</text> <quoted-block style="OLC" id="HEC0C6E10FE184A409F552EB2DB8E277C" display-inline="no-display-inline"> <subsection id="H656A038948484FF2909CC8532DBB9C36"> <enum>(d)</enum> <header>Definition</header> <text display-inline="yes-display-inline">In this section, the term <quote>Space Launch System</quote> means the Space Launch System authorized under section 302 of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act of 2010.</text> </subsection> <after-quoted-block>.</after-quoted-block> </quoted-block> </subparagraph> </paragraph> <paragraph id="HE962715738444BC1861D13E95C12FE3F"> <enum>(2)</enum> <header>Conforming amendment</header> <text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The item relating section 70102 in the table of sections for chapter 701 of title 51, United States Code is amended by striking <quote>Space shuttle</quote> and inserting <quote>Space Launch System</quote>.</text> </paragraph> </subsection> <subsection id="H10FD28570EAD497CACF0AFE99F05E2B3"> <enum>(d)</enum> <header>Section 70103</header> <paragraph id="H341C4BDDFFAF402F95FA151D8F9DB2C5"> <enum>(1)</enum> <header>Amendments</header> <text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Section 70103 of title 51, United States Code, is amended—</text> <subparagraph id="HA39257FFD636471A86A8C3874F295D90"> <enum>(A)</enum> <text>in the section heading, by striking <quote><header-in-text level="section" style="USC">space shuttle</header-in-text></quote> and inserting <quote><header-in-text level="section" style="USC">Space Launch System</header-in-text></quote>; and</text> </subparagraph> <subparagraph id="HCF61C2A34C1B47A6BA284641D5811EE6"> <enum>(B)</enum> <text>by striking <quote>space shuttle</quote> each place it appears and inserting <quote>Space Launch System</quote>.</text> </subparagraph> </paragraph> <paragraph id="H341AF3CD20A24BBF9677D2EBDAE447B2"> <enum>(2)</enum> <header>Conforming amendment</header> <text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The item relating section 70103 in the table of sections for chapter 701 of title 51, United States Code is amended by striking <quote>space shuttle</quote> and inserting <quote>Space Launch System</quote>.</text> </paragraph> </subsection> </section> <enum>II</enum> <header>Space Resource Exploration and Utilization</header> <section id="HD7413688808A4FD992359CE3AD0B46C7"> <enum>201.</enum> <header>Short title</header> <text display-inline="no-display-inline">This title may be cited as the <quote><short-title>Space Resource Exploration and Utilization Act of 2015</short-title></quote>.</text> </section> <section id="H59B563698C314AA3B773A481ABBB6DAD"> <enum>202.</enum> <header>Title 51 amendment</header> <subsection id="H14D2C392CB4F4ACB9B0BAE400D4A40E4"> <enum>(a)</enum> <header>In general</header> <text>Subtitle V of title 51, United States Code, is amended by adding at the end the following new chapter:</text> <quoted-block display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H2605835D9EE04456BDAE319C4440FBDE" style="USC"> <chapter id="H974CADBDC9584AB1AE7311A8E0174876"> <enum>513</enum> <header>Space resource exploration and utilization</header> <toc> <toc-entry level="section">Sec. </toc-entry> <toc-entry level="section">51301. Definitions.</toc-entry> <toc-entry level="section">51302. Commercialization of space resource exploration and utilization.</toc-entry> <toc-entry level="section">51303. Legal framework.</toc-entry> </toc> <section id="HA744D3E71C0D4BF38462E4A95AEE942B"> <enum>51301.</enum> <header>Definitions</header> <text display-inline="no-display-inline">In this chapter:</text> <paragraph id="HD0E8673D401D4C5E94DE525BD4C0FE7F"> <enum>(1)</enum> <header>Space resource</header> <text>The term <term>space resource</term> means a natural resource of any kind found in situ in outer space.</text> </paragraph> <paragraph id="H646BE92F28114ECD995666C2C1E6D7BD"> <enum>(2)</enum> <header>Asteroid resource</header> <text>The term <term>asteroid resource</term> means a space resource found on or within a single asteroid.</text> </paragraph> <paragraph id="HA3197F52218849568E0D1FC84591F2B5"> <enum>(3)</enum> <header>State</header> <text>The term <term>State</term> means any of the several States, the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, the Virgin Islands, Guam, American Samoa, the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands, and any other commonwealth, territory, or possession of the United States.</text> </paragraph> <paragraph id="HBD6ED3C4EF7E430C903509BF53887D84"> <enum>(4)</enum> <header>United States commercial space resource utilization entity</header> <text>The term <term>United States commercial space resource utilization entity</term> means an entity providing space resource exploration or utilization services, the control of which is held by persons other than a Federal, State, local, or foreign government, and that is—</text> <subparagraph id="H689CFAA41345426DA3BEF7DD6665C206"> <enum>(A)</enum> <text>duly organized under the laws of a State;</text> </subparagraph> <subparagraph id="H18DF67EAF98348028B1AF5B96A018383"> <enum>(B)</enum> <text>subject to the subject matter and personal jurisdiction of the courts of the United States; or</text> </subparagraph> <subparagraph id="HB5EA2AF0DEF649349DC77EB73114DFA8"> <enum>(C)</enum> <text>a foreign entity that has voluntarily submitted to the subject matter and personal jurisdiction of the courts of the United States.</text> </subparagraph> </paragraph> </section> <section id="HF54A0760B0024BC98FD5567CABDD16A1"> <enum>51302.</enum> <header>Commercialization of space resource exploration and utilization</header> <subsection id="HDE57B0CA749D458FBA540C274899F502"> <enum>(a)</enum> <header>In general</header> <text>The President, acting through appropriate Federal agencies, shall—</text> <paragraph id="HF2F844EFA0A449FA9E7CCC108267E598"> <enum>(1)</enum> <text>facilitate the commercial exploration and utilization of space resources to meet national needs;</text> </paragraph> <paragraph id="H1C73799C862741BDA5D58A7C8E8E58CB"> <enum>(2)</enum> <text>discourage government barriers to the development of economically viable, safe, and stable industries for the exploration and utilization of space resources in manners consistent with the existing international obligations of the United States; and</text> </paragraph> <paragraph id="HD66F24A0FDB84327B6192B30988D47AA"> <enum>(3)</enum> <text>promote the right of United States commercial entities to explore outer space and utilize space resources, in accordance with the existing international obligations of the United States, free from harmful interference, and to transfer or sell such resources.</text> </paragraph> </subsection> <subsection id="H4018AD65D1574D3CA386296A5DE2E0B3"> <enum>(b)</enum> <header>Report required</header> <text>Not later than 180 days after the date of the enactment of this section, the President shall submit to Congress a report that contains recommendations for—</text> <paragraph id="HB7EF4DFD5CBA464EBBFD346ADDA85373"> <enum>(1)</enum> <text>the allocation of responsibilities relating to the exploration and utilization of space resources among Federal agencies; and</text> </paragraph> <paragraph id="H2E273786895B4E4885CF01E6428BA711"> <enum>(2)</enum> <text>any authorities necessary to meet the international obligations of the United States with respect to the exploration and utilization of space resources.</text> </paragraph> </subsection> </section> <section id="H9A85FFC5DA544AA9B6F86A9F524C0A52"> <enum>51303.</enum> <header>Legal framework</header> <subsection id="H3B219495C1574F9A8CB23638C8B06E5F"> <enum>(a)</enum> <header>Property rights</header> <text>Any asteroid resources obtained in outer space are the property of the entity that obtained such resources, which shall be entitled to all property rights thereto, consistent with applicable provisions of Federal law and existing international obligations.</text> </subsection> <subsection id="HDBAFAC41560646668A1D8D1DC069D4BC"> <enum>(b)</enum> <header>Safety of operations</header> <text>A United States commercial space resource utilization entity shall avoid causing harmful interference in outer space.</text> </subsection> <subsection id="H230E6B754F4C4FA98BFD21A3007FA7B9"> <enum>(c)</enum> <header>Civil action for relief from harmful interference</header> <text>A United States commercial space resource utilization entity may bring a civil action for appropriate legal or equitable relief, or both, under this chapter for any action by another entity subject to United States jurisdiction causing harmful interference to its operations with respect to an asteroid resource utilization activity in outer space.</text> </subsection> <subsection id="HD5A309210C0C48DF96C48214A5C4A1F8"> <enum>(d)</enum> <header>Rule of decision</header> <text>In a civil action brought pursuant to subsection (c) with respect to an asteroid resource utilization activity in outer space, a court shall enter judgment in favor of the plaintiff if the court finds—</text> <paragraph id="H194D8E953F4A485C908517D18E7B7053"> <enum>(1)</enum> <text>the plaintiff—</text> <subparagraph id="H8B20EDFA4BBE4F0092A23ADBD05372E3"> <enum>(A)</enum> <text>acted in accordance with all existing international obligations of the United States; and</text> </subparagraph> <subparagraph id="H5FC7D05AB8F84F0A9D46EC724E450C62"> <enum>(B)</enum> <text>was first in time to conduct the activity; and</text> </subparagraph> </paragraph> <paragraph id="H9C801B6DD8F34B96992B473E0D0FD493"> <enum>(2)</enum> <text>the activity is reasonable for the exploration and utilization of asteroid resources.</text> </paragraph> </subsection> <subsection id="HA0DA2C430B114D0E89A95938AFBF17EF"> <enum>(e)</enum> <header>Exclusive jurisdiction</header> <text>The district courts of the United States shall have original jurisdiction over an action under this chapter without regard to the amount in controversy.</text> </subsection> </section> </chapter> <after-quoted-block>.</after-quoted-block> </quoted-block> </subsection> <subsection id="H467125C9DD58460D9360BE9B14AA90F2"> <enum>(b)</enum> <header>Clerical amendment</header> <text>The table of chapters for title 51, United States Code, is amended by adding at the end of the items for subtitle V the following:</text> <quoted-block display-inline="no-display-inline" id="HDB631C3E3A4E43E2B654E01ED05EEA61" style="USC"> <toc regeneration="no-regeneration"> <multi-column-toc-entry bold="on" level="section"> <toc-enum>513.</toc-enum> <level-header bold="on" level="section"> Space resource exploration and utilization</level-header> <target>51301</target> </multi-column-toc-entry> </toc> <after-quoted-block>.</after-quoted-block> </quoted-block> </subsection> </section> <enum>III</enum> <header>Commercial Remote Sensing</header> <section id="H508A651672294A7785D7B100D233B801"> <enum>301.</enum> <header>Annual reporting</header> <subsection id="HF3E5FC8EB9344FC285AEC323F763E219"> <enum>(a)</enum> <header>In general</header> <text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Subchapter III of chapter 601 of title 51, United States Code, is amended by adding at the end the following:</text> <quoted-block id="HA5BD2EAC246643E7AB52C9F6B925831B" style="USC"> <section id="H6586923914374A5C8960B16B53F3AF4C"> <enum>60126.</enum> <header>Annual reporting</header> <text display-inline="no-display-inline">The Secretary shall provide a report to the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation of the Senate not later than 180 days after the date of enactment of the <short-title>SPACE Act of 2015</short-title> and annually thereafter on—</text> <paragraph id="HD1DC245E84DD473D84C1F693B2763A58"> <enum>(1)</enum> <text>the Secretary’s implementation of section 60121, including—</text> <subparagraph id="H3C621597DD694AC9A7C10BB17D1B8D37"> <enum>(A)</enum> <text>a list of all applications received in the previous calendar year;</text> </subparagraph> <subparagraph id="H7783EA9C3C01419AAD0E97AE4777AF07"> <enum>(B)</enum> <text>a list of all applications approved;</text> </subparagraph> <subparagraph id="HB64146A283044D5D8D78E2AB052188F0"> <enum>(C)</enum> <text>a list of all applications denied;</text> </subparagraph> <subparagraph id="HDD45FB69739C472A93F952AD01818D75"> <enum>(D)</enum> <text>a list of all applications that required additional information; and</text> </subparagraph> <subparagraph id="H211C7E4FC3D34FB3BBBAED354A8DBF38"> <enum>(E)</enum> <text>a list of all applications whose disposition exceeded the 120 day deadline established in section 60121(c), the total days overdue for applications that exceeded such deadline, and an explanation for the delay;</text> </subparagraph> </paragraph> <paragraph id="HE8681AFF2A344AB3931CD8CF084F24C9"> <enum>(2)</enum> <text>all notifications and information provided to the Secretary pursuant to section 60122; and</text> </paragraph> <paragraph id="H5555F7A727154D70B363427AD346B8CD"> <enum>(3)</enum> <text>all actions taken by the Secretary under the administrative authority granted by section 60123(a)(4), (5), and (6).</text> </paragraph> </section> <after-quoted-block>.</after-quoted-block> </quoted-block> </subsection> </section> <section id="HFB6B89B607844337BB37C1809250C93F"> <enum>302.</enum> <header>Statutory update report</header> <text display-inline="no-display-inline">Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment of this Act, the Secretary, in consultation with other appropriate Federal agencies and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration’s Advisory Committee on Commercial Remote Sensing, shall report to the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation of the Senate on statutory updates necessary to protect national security, protect privacy (which is not to be taken as altering any condition or standards for licensing), protect the United States industrial base, and reflect the current state of the art of remote sensing systems, instruments, or technologies.</text> </section> <enum>IV</enum> <header>Office of Space Commerce</header> <section id="H5DABD2A549CF4E17B634719D91E2A297"> <enum>401.</enum> <header>Renaming of Office of Space Commercialization</header> <subsection id="HBFDF68C8FECB4CA9AA9F020BFBBAF906"> <enum>(a)</enum> <header>Chapter heading</header> <paragraph id="H2FDDA29B4E3140F5B07A0BA5E82F7AD5"> <enum>(1)</enum> <header>Amendment</header> <text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The chapter heading for chapter 507 of title 51, United States Code, is amended by striking <quote><header-in-text level="chapter" style="USC">Commercialization</header-in-text></quote> and inserting <quote><header-in-text level="section" style="USC">Commerce</header-in-text></quote>.</text> </paragraph> <paragraph id="HAC3B6A3828DB4C7E85FEBCD2CC1CE7B7"> <enum>(2)</enum> <header>Conforming amendment</header> <text>The item relating to chapter 507 in the table chapters for title 51, United States Code, is amended by striking <quote>Commercialization</quote> and inserting <quote>Commerce</quote>.</text> </paragraph> </subsection> <subsection id="H4A57794B9A0B4F68B85D5BE9179F3C1D"> <enum>(b)</enum> <header>Definition of Office</header> <text> Section 50701 of title 51, United States Code, is amended by striking <quote>Commercialization</quote> and inserting <quote>Commerce</quote>.</text> </subsection> <subsection id="H6558B244AE0144E1B11810973F6A4BE2"> <enum>(c)</enum> <header>Renaming</header> <text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Section 50702(a) of title 51, United States Code, is amended by striking <quote>Commercialization</quote> and inserting <quote>Commerce</quote>.</text> </subsection> </section> <section id="H4016D446A64E405194FD6D9ECD18F8C7"> <enum>402.</enum> <header>Functions of the Office of Space Commerce</header> <text display-inline="no-display-inline"> Section 50702(c) of title 51, United States Code, is amended by striking <quote>Commerce.</quote> and inserting “Commerce, including to— </text> <quoted-block id="HD3D4D0884F8348208755864E82F6D8E9" style="OLC"> <paragraph id="H0539F79030654F37B76E1F49E0983591"> <enum>(1)</enum> <text>foster the conditions for the economic growth and technological advancement of the United States space commerce industry;</text> </paragraph> <paragraph id="HD80DB92E1D7C40CB992620ED1BA945C2"> <enum>(2)</enum> <text>coordinate space commerce policy issues and actions within the Department of Commerce;</text> </paragraph> <paragraph id="HC2E59755384B4AB39C20C41918517E0C"> <enum>(3)</enum> <text>represent the Department of Commerce in the development of United States policies and in negotiations with foreign countries to promote United States space commerce;</text> </paragraph> <paragraph id="H541CC62F69FD40B4832083D415C7B376"> <enum>(4)</enum> <text>promote the advancement of United States geospatial technologies related to space commerce, in cooperation with relevant interagency working groups; and</text> </paragraph> <paragraph id="HDA9BC735D5D84E4FB42EC73ED90FC935"> <enum>(5)</enum> <text display-inline="yes-display-inline">provide support to Federal Government organizations working on Space-Based Positioning Navigation, and Timing policy, including the National Coordination Office for Space-Based Position, Navigation, and Timing.</text> </paragraph> <after-quoted-block>.</after-quoted-block> </quoted-block> </section>